The invention discloses thunder and lightning generation device trigger protection equipment, a thunder and lightning generation device and a protection method. In the thunder and lightning generationdevice trigger protection equipment, a trigger pulse generator is configured to generate a trigger pulse voltage. One end of the trigger cable is connected with the trigger pulse generator; the otherend is connected with a plurality of matching resistors; the plurality of matching resistors are respectively connected with the ignition sphere gap of a thunder and lightning generation device body;trigger pulse voltage output by the trigger pulse generator reaches the ignition sphere gap through the trigger cable, the protection sphere gap is connected between the matching resistors and the trigger cable in parallel, one end of the protection sphere gap is grounded, and when counterattack occurs, the protection sphere gap acts to limit voltage at the two ends of the trigger cable and the trigger pulse generator.