The invention discloses a rapid thawing heating system and method. The rapid thawing heating system comprises a shell and heating cabins; the plurality of heating cabins are arranged in the shell; each heating cabin is provided with a heating mechanism; each heating mechanism comprises a microwave heater and a water bath heating mechanism; each water bath heating mechanism comprises a small watertank in the corresponding heating cabin; the small water tanks are communicated with a central water tank; a water pump is arranged between the central water tank and each small water tank; a clampingmechanism is arranged in each heating cabin; each clamping mechanism is provided with an air bag; each air bag is connected with an air pump; and each heating cabin is also provided with a spraying structure. The device has the advantages of structural simplicity, rapid heating, absence of bag explosion and convenience in operation.