The invention discloses a media access control method of a data collection type mobile underwater acoustic sensor network. An existing method is inapplicable to a scene that a mobile sink node collects a fixed sensing node. The method comprises: using an MAC protocol based on a scheduling mode, firstly, a mobile aggregation node broadcasting a control packet, and notifying and inviting a fixed sensing node in a data collection range to transmit data to the mobile aggregation node; after the fixed sensing node receives the control packet, if data needs to be transmitted, the fixed sensing nodesending a control packet request to access a channel to transmit the data; and the mobile aggregation node scheduling the fixed sensing nodes to send data packets in sequence by estimating propagationtime delay. According to the method provided by the invention, the conflict possibly caused by data transmission of a plurality of fixed sensing nodes is better solved, and the network throughput isimproved. The method is suitable for the scene that the mobile sink node collects the fixed sensing node data, the channel utilization rate is improved, and the fairness of data transmission is ensured.