The invention discloses a curing barn cured tobacco image acquisition system and and operation method thereof. The image acquisition system is installed in a curing barn and comprises a shooting box body, wherein the shooting box body comprises an installation cavity, a shooting opening, an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the shooting box body, the shooting opening faces cured tobacco leaves in a tobacco loading chamber of the curing barn, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the environment outside the tobacco loading chamber of the curing barn; a fan, whereinthe fan is mounted at the air inlet; a camera device, wherein the camera device comprises a camera, and the camera corresponds to the shooting port and is arranged in the mounting cavity; a shieldingdoor which is movably mounted on the shooting box body; and a driving source which can drive the shielding door to move between closing and opening the shooting port. The problems that the temperaturein the tobacco loading chamber changes in real time along with the baking process, and the humidity in the tobacco loading chamber is high, so that atomized moisture adheres to the camera, and then images of baked tobacco leaves cannot be clearly collected can be solved.