The invention relates to a method for spraying a wearable coating layer onto a matrix. The method comprises the following step: spraying a raw material powder onto the matrix by means of plasma sprayto form the wearable coating layer, wherein the particles of the raw material powder have a cladding composite structure, each particle comprises a kernel and a cladding layer cladding the kernel, each kernel contains the wearable components, and each cladding layer contains framework components and a binder; the content of the wearable components in the raw material powder is 5wt%-60wt%, the content of the framework components is 40wt%-90wt%, and the content of the binders is 5wt%-10wt%; and the parameters of the plasma spray are as follows: a spray distance is 150mm-180mm, a powder feeding speed is 46g/min-60g/min, a current is 410A-450A, a power is 28kW-32kW, spray gas contains argon and hydrogen, the flow rate of argon is 60-70L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen is 5L/min-6L/min, and thetemperature of the matrix in the spray process is controlled to be not higher than 200 DEG C.