The invention provides a mining and leaving integrated coal mining method, and relates to the technical field of coal seam mining. The coal mining method comprises the following steps that cutter feeding is conducted in a chamfered manner for coal cutting according to the corresponding cutter feeding distance of a coal mining machine, and the cut coal body is conveyed to a scraper conveyor; the working face is supported in real time on the side, away from the coal wall of the working face, of the coal mining machine, and the supporting at least comprises roadway support and gangue blocking support; when the coal mining machine runs to the preset boundary of the working face, the arc contour of the real coal top of a roadway is cut out through a roller of the coal mining machine, so that the arc-shaped roadway top is formed. According to the mining and leaving integrated coal mining method, the roadway can be left in the coal mining process, the roadway is avoided in advance, the coal mining cost is reduced, and the coal mining efficiency is improved.