The present invention provides a gas-fired virtual power plant structure dispatching optimization method in consideration of uncertainty. The method comprises the steps: firstly, constructing a gas-fired virtual power plant structure and determine the flow of electricity, natural gas and carbon dioxide, wherein the gas-fired virtual power plant structure includes a wind power unit, a photovoltaicunit, and an electricity-to-gas unit; secondly, constructing the output power models of the respective units separately, and establishing an objective function according to the economic benefits of the output power models of the respective units; finally, introducing the conditional value-at-risk of the wind power and photovoltaic joint output of the virtual power plant into the objective functionof economic benefit dispatching, comprehensively considering the economic benefits and the degree of risk of the operation of the virtual power plant, controlling the risk level within an acceptablerange to achieve the optimal economic benefit, and formulating a virtual power plant dispatching optimization method. The method can optimize the operation of the virtual power plant, improve economicbenefits, reduce carbon emissions, greatly improve energy utilization efficiency, and solve the existing operation problems of the virtual power plant.