The invention discloses a preparation method of hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber dry membrane filaments, and the method comprises the following steps: soaking a polyvinylidene fluoridehollow fiber membrane in a surface hydrophilization treatment solution for membrane surface chemical reaction to form a hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, wherein the surface hydrophilization treatment solution is a strongly alkaline solution containing a strong oxidant or a strongly alkaline solution containing a phase transfer catalyst, removing fluorine groups on the surface of themembrane after hydrophilization reaction treatment on the surface of the membrane, substituting to form compact hydroxyl groups, and carrying out surface hydrophilicity improvement treatment on the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, drying membrane filaments to obtain dry membrane filaments. The membrane filaments retain the original high strength and high alkali resistance, and has good organic and biological pollution resistance due to the excellent hydrophilic surface, and the membrane filaments or the assembly products thereof can be stored and transported without any humectant, do not needany membrane surface wetting agent treatment, and have the advantages of environmental protection, no toxicity and no harm to the human body. By soaking in water, the hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber dry membrane filaments directly recover the water flux for use.