The invention provides a DC circuit breaker active protection system, which comprises a plurality of DC circuit breaker protection devices and a switch on-off control device. Each DC circuit breaker protection device comprises a current transformer, a switch state acquisition device and a switch on-off controller connected with the current transformer and the switch state acquisition device. The switch on-off control device is connected with each switch on-off controller. According to the invention, the protection link can be simplified, the breaking time can be saved, and the fault risk can be reduced.