This invention discloses an underwater hydrogen battery driving device composed of the hydrogen battery pile for underwater working, the hydrogen system, the oxygen system, water cooling system and the control system. Because hydrogen and oxygen will let out air under the normal temperature, the underwater hydrogen battery driving device can add the collecting transmitting tube for air volatilization and a small fuel battery pile. As the main driving device does not work, the small hydrogen fuel battery pile can work for 24 hours, and consume the outlet hydrogen and oxygen, produce the electric energy to assure the safe and reliable utilization ratio of hydrogen and oxygen.