The anti-theft system based on wireless RF label technology is used in monitoring and controlling personal accompanying articles. The anti-theft system includes wireless RF label attached to the accompanying article to maintain the data information of the article, and wireless RF label reading/writing device including control module and connected reading/writing module. The control module controls the reading/writing module to read and write the wireless RF label for safety monitoring and controlling. The present invention can realize anti-theft management of personal accompanying articles incertain range, and has high efficiency, high safety performance, high sensitivity, and other advantages.