The invention relates to a system for measurement of projected turbulence downwind of an aircraft (14), arranged on board the same, comprising a lidar (10), emitting an optical beam (11) towards the front of the aircraft (14) and receiving a back-scattered optical beam (12), a direct detection device connected to control means, a first processing unit, using an internal correction algorithm and asecond processing unit, using an external correction algorithm, which provide potential control signals for the actuators of at least one control surface (16) on the aircraft (14).