The utility model discloses a primary separating mechanism of pill materials and waste materials at the carbon anode deficient pole wheel abrator cabinet, comprising a case sieving (2) is arranged on a sand absorbing floor (3), the discharge end of the case sieving (2) has a waste material gathering device (4), and the other end of the case sieving (2) is connected with the sand absorbing floor (3) by a vibrating device (1), wherein the mounting tilting angle of the case sieving (2) is between fifteen and thirty five degree, the diameter of the eyelet of the case sieving (2) is 5 mm, and the shape is square or circular; the vibrating device (1) is of spring structure; and the waste material gathering device (4) is a strap conveying machine or a waste material bucket. The utility model can separate the pill materials, big and small grains in the waste materials, reduces the blockage of the eyelet of the sand absorbing floor, and ensures the normal working of the pill spraying system device, therefore ensuring the cleaning effect of the deficient pole pill spraying.