The utility model provides a stress measurement device based on a light transmitting measurement technology, which is characterized by comprising a metal test bench and light transmitting digital micrometers, the metal test bench is fixed on a tester platform through a locking hole arranged at the bottom, two micrometer placing grooves are arranged at the upper part of the metal test bench, a symmetric mark is arranged between the two micrometer placing grooves, a centering groove is arranged above the symmetric mark and is coincided with a longitudinal central axis of the symmetric mark, and the light transmitting digital micrometers are arranged in the micrometer placing grooves and cling to the symmetric mark. When a sample provided with a rigid pin is added on a tester, centering is carried out on the sample through the centering groove. The utility model measures distance variation of the rigid pin in the stretching process through the light transmitting measurement technology, realizes rapid and convenient measurement on stress of small test area materials and flexible materials and under the large deformation condition, overcomes the defects of the traditional measurement methods and better makes up blind areas of a plurality of applied methods.