The utility model discloses a high-voltage signal conditioning and data acquisition device, which comprises three phases of voltage signal input passages respectively connected with external three phases of voltage sensors. Each phase of voltage signal input passage is connected with a secondary voltage dividing module, a front signal conditioning module and a signal trigger module sequentially, and voltage signals input from each phase voltage signal input passage are acquired and processed by a data acquisition processing module and then output from an interface circuit. The high-voltage signal conditioning and data acquisition device provides overvoltage waveform acquired through real-time monitoring, converts acquired signals into overvoltage data in specific format, and realizes preprocessing (including filter and frequency conversion) of acquired data according to identification requirements. Content of signals preprocessed by the system is single relatively, and accordingly voltage characteristic parameters can be extracted better, and the next identification operation can be realized conveniently.