The utility model relates to a vortex flow-type water distributor used for an anaerobic biological treatment system. The vortex flow-type water distributor is characterized in that the vortex flow-type water distributor is provided with a main water distributor, wherein the main water distributor is arranged vertically and partitioned into more than two independent closed spaces; and each closed space is provided with a water inlet pipe capable of controlling the water inflow and a plurality of flow guide pipes positioned on a same level, the flow guide pipes of adjacent closed spaces are positioned on different levels, jet orifices taking the structures of elbows are arranged at the front end parts of the flow guide pipes, and the jet orifices of the flow guide pipes on the same level and the jet orifices of the flow guide pipes on different levels are identical in direction. The vortex flow-type water distributor provides a water distribution mode with the advantages of reasonable structure, low possibility of blockade, low construction cost, flexibility in operation and convenience in maintenance, and the water distribution uniformity of the anaerobic treatment system can be improved obviously.