A cleaning-dedusting device for a smoke box is disclosed, comprising a box cover device disposed on a seat, a cleaning device on the outer wall of a box body and a negative pressure dust suction device in the box, wherein a cover-taking device, the cleaning device on the outer wall of the box body and the negative pressure dust suction device are connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the PLC connects and controls an AGV (automatic guided vehicle) transportation trolley via a WCS (writeable control storage). The device realizes a cleaning-dedusting operation on an empty smoke box finishing turnover, avoids the influence on the quality of tobacco shreds processed by a follow-up process due to dust residue on the surface of the empty smoke box, and avoids the phenomenon of mixed storage due to the tobacco shred residue in the interior of the empty smoke box.