The utility model provides a tool synchronous locking device at the shaft bottom of a bushing well-drilling, which comprises a hollow cavity formed through connecting an upper joint with a seat bottom bushing, and a locking and unlocking mechanism arranged in the hollow cavity. The locking and unlocking mechanism comprises a fishing head, an unlocking barrel, a locking sleeve, a locking block, a locking block hinge pin, a locking block body, a support spring and a lower joint. Due to the adoption of the tool synchronous locking device, recoverable tools at the shaft bottom can be locked synchronously in both the axial direction (longitudinal direction) and the rotation direction (circumferential direction). The tool synchronous locking device is simple in structure, safe and reliable, wherein the inner drift diameter of the seat bottom bushing is increased and a standard drill bit can be adopted as a pilot bit. Centralizing blocks are arranged both before and behind a locking assembly, so that the stability of the locking assembly is improved. Since the seat bottom bushing is individually provided with the locking sleeve made of a wear-resistant material and high-strength steel, the damage to the seat bottom bushing when being in contact with the locking block is reduced. Therefore, the overall service life of a tool string at the shaft bottom of a bushing well-drilling is prolonged and the cost of bushing well-drilling is saved.