The utility model relates to an oil-water separation column, comprising a hollow external casing, an inlet and an outlet; the external casing is internally provided with a separation pipe and an evaporation pipe communicated with each other; the separation pipe is connected with the inlet; the evaporation pipe is connected with the outlet; and the separation pipe is internally provided with oil-water separation particles. During the use of the oil-water separation column disclosed by the utility model, carrier gas carrying oil-water mixture enters the separation pipe from the inlet; through the separation action of the oil-water separation particles, oil and water are separated, oil component is adhered on the oil-water separation particles, and the carrier gas carrying moisture is discharged from the evaporation pipe; during the washing of residual oil, the pure carrier gas enters the evaporation pipe from the outlet and then enters the separation pipe to reversely blow the oil-water separation particles; in the action of the reverse airflow, the residual oil adhered to the oil-water separation particles is blown out of the oil-water separation column via the inlet, so that the pollution to the evaporation pipe is avoided and the accuracy of consequent measurement is ensured. The oil-water separation column has a simple structure and is convenient to use, clean and maintain.