The utility model discloses an axis driving type mechanical combination lock, which comprises a lock body, a mandrel cipher disk, a driving wheel, a rotary wheel, a transmission pin, a transmission sheet, a spring and a key slot sheet, wherein the driving wheel and the rotary wheel are drilled with through holes, and a lock shaft is in clearance fit with the through holes; the lock shaft is of a structure of which one end is slim and the other end is bulky; and positioning slots are arranged at the slim end and the bulky end respectively; a lock body external tube is sleeved in the lock pieces, i.e. the driving wheel, the rotary wheel, the transmission pin, the transmission sheet, the spring and the like, so as to be connected with the lock body; a through hole which is homocentric with the driving wheel and the rotary wheel is arranged at the end face of the lock body external tube; and an installation clip is arranged below the lock body external tube. During shutting, when the lock shaft is extracted and positioned, the driving wheel and the rotary wheel are rotated randomly, the lock is at locking state as long as only holes of one wheel are misplaced, and the lock shaft cannot be withdrawn; and the lock shaft can be withdrawn only when the mandrel cipher disk is rotated to align with correct ciphers, i.e. wheel holes are aligned, then the lock is unlocked.