The utility model discloses an adjustment device for a rotary kiln supporting wheel. The device comprises a jackscrew seat body, a hydraulic cylinder, a jackscrew, fastening nuts and a manual hydraulic pump, wherein the jackscrew seat body has a hollow box structure; the jackscrew is arranged on one side wall of the jackscrew seat body; two fastening nuts are matched with the jackscrew and positioned on the two sides of one side wall of the jackscrew seat body respectively; and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in an inner cavity of the jackscrew seat body, positioned between the other side wall of the jackscrew seat body and the jackscrew and connected with the manual hydraulic pump which is positioned outside the jackscrew seat body. The rotary kiln supporting wheel can be adjusted by only 1 to 2 persons, and labor intensity is lowered; and a supporting wheel device can also be adjusted under the condition that a rotary kiln normally operates, so that the adjustment time of the supporting wheel is greatly shortened, and the condition that a barrel body of the rotary kiln is deformed while the kiln is stopped for a long time to adjust the supporting wheel device is avoided.