The utility model discloses a staggered axle synchronization stretching and retracting device for a self-propelled aerial work platform. The staggered axle synchronization stretching and retracting device is characterized in that fixed axles (2 and 7) are fixed to a vehicle body; movable axles (1 and 8) are sleeved with the fixed axles (2 and 7) respectively; the left end of the movable axle (1) is connected with a left wheel through a left master pin and the right end of the movable axle (8) is connected with a right wheel through a right master pin; the left master pin and the right master pin are disposed on the same horizontal line in the axial direction of the axles; cylinders (14 and 6) are connected with the movable axles (1 and 8) and drive the movable axles (1 and 8) respectively for controlling stretching and retracting of the movable axles; the right side of the inside of the synchronization cylinder (14) is provided with a cylinder balance valve (11) and the left side of the inside of the cylinder (6) is provided with a cylinder balance valve (5); and the staggered axle synchronization stretching and retracting device also comprises a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve and a stretching and retracting control device. The staggered axle synchronization stretching and retracting device realizes synchronous stretching and retracting of the axles on the two sides and thus improves safety and stability of the aerial work platform.