The utility model relates to a mounting structure of a ceramic rod composite curtain wall. The mounting structure comprises an upright column, ceramic rods, an embedding part and an adapter coupling part, the embedding part is fixed onto a concrete wall through expansion bolts or chemical anchor bolts, the adapter coupling part is arranged on the outside surface of the embedding part and is connected with the vertically arranged upright column through two upright column bolts, the side surface of the upright column is connected with an insert sleeve through four self-tapping screws, a rubber pad is arranged between the insert sleeve and the upright column, the ceramic rods are provided with hollow structures, insert cores are arranged in hollow structures of the ceramic rods, two ends of each insert core are respectively connected with an insert, and the inserts are hung on the insert sleeve through insert heads. The mounting structure has the advantages that all components of the mounting structure are preformed in a factory and only need to be connected and assembled on a construction site, the mounting requirements of the curtain wall can be ensured, site construction efficiency is greatly improved, a curtain wall body is changed into a ceramic rod combination from a pottery clay wall, and the curtain wall body is more attractive in appearance and lighter in structure.