The utility model provides a hydraulic pumping unit which comprises a mechanical portion, an electric control portion, a hydraulic driving system and the like. A master cylinder perpendicular to a table board is fixedly connected on a supporting frame of the pumping unit, balance cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the master cylinder, a piston rod of the master cylinder and piston rods of the balance cylinder are fixedly connected to a connecting plate to realize mechanical forced synchronous action, and a beam hanger for connecting a pumping rod with the piston rods is further arranged on the connecting plate. By the aid of the balance cylinders, an energy accumulator and the like in the hydraulic system, system energy can be recycled when the pumping unit descends, so that energy and electricity are saved. The pumping unit can be widely applied to various oil fields to serve as a power source of a down-hole oil well pump.