The utility model relates to a ground monitoring system for a drilling instruction downloading system, which comprises a measurement subsystem and a terminal subsystem. The measurement subsystem is arranged on a bypass pipeline for connecting a mud main circulating pipeline and a ground discharge device and comprises a pressure measurement module, a flow measurement module and a power supply module, wherein the pressure measurement module is used for measuring the pressure of a stand pipe in the ground discharge device; and the flow measurement module is used for measuring the mud discharge. The terminal subsystem is arranged in an upper computer and comprises a communication module and a data processing module. One end of the communication module is connected with the data processing module through a bus, and the other end of the communication module is connected with the pressure measurement module and the flow measurement module through the bus. Both the pressure measurement module and the flow measurement module are electrically connected with the power supply module. The ground monitoring system has the benefit that through detecting the mud discharge of the ground discharge device and the pressure of the stand pipe, the instruction downloading system is helped to control the mud discharge within a reasonable scope, so that the instruction downloading success rate is improved, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and the reliability of the drilling instruction downloading system.