The utility model relates to a charging and alternating power station system of an electric automobile based on an internet of things. The charging and alternating power station system of the electric automobile based on the internet of things comprises an automobile electronic label arranged on the electric automobile, a battery electronic label arranged on an electric automobile battery, a label reader used for reading the automobile electronic label and the battery electronic label, and a background monitoring center. The label reader reads information of the automobile electronic label and the battery electronic label in a coupling mode through a passive magnetic field and passes information to the background monitoring center through a network. By means of the installation of an internet of things label on a power alternating automobile and a power alternating battery to recognize identity of the power alternating automobile and the power alternating battery and by means of the read-write and management of the labels through the background monitoring center, real-time tracking of the power alternating battery and automobile can be achieved and functions of guide of pull-in of an automobile and automatic recommend and installation of battery alternating can be achieved, thereby manual intervention workload of an operator on duty is totally canceled, fluency and security of the process of power alternating can be guaranteed, and intelligent requirements of smart power grids can be achieved.