The utility model discloses a test model simulating surface discharge, and belongs to the technical field of high-voltage and insulation in power system. The test model comprises an upper cover plate, an electric pole, an insulation body, a bottom cover plate, and an insulation cylinder; one end of the electric pole is detachablely or fixedly connected with the upper cover plate, and the other end of the electric pole contacts with the insulation body; the insulation body is placed on the bottom cover plate; the test model also comprises an insulation fastening mechanism; and the insulation cylinder is a cylinder structure with two opening ends, the insulation fastening mechanism is respectively and detachablely connected with the upper cover plate and the bottom cover plate, the upper cover plate and the bottom cover plate clamp the insulation cylinder tightly, and the electric pole and the insulation body are positioned in a sealing cavity formed in the insulation cylinder. Because the insulation cylinder is detachable, when transition of surface discharge test in insulation gas or insulation liquid is carried out, the insulation cylinder can be dismounted, members of the test model can be easily cleaned, and high requirement of insulation gas test to gas purity is satisfied. So the test device can widely applied in test researches of surface discharge in the insulation gas and the insulation liquid.