The utility model discloses a cultivation box imitating geological storage carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage, and belongs to the field of geological storage safety evaluation. The cultivation box comprises a box main body, a ventilation separating board, an air chamber air inlet system, an air chamber water discharging system, an observation window and a movement fixing mechanism, wherein the ventilation separating board is evenly provided with a plurality of rows of round air holes, and a plurality of layers of nylon gauze are laid on the ventilation separating board, the whole box main body is divided into an upper-layer plant cultivation soil chamber and a lower-layer CO2 storage air chamber, wherein the air chamber air inlet system is used for preventing outer source CO2 gas from entering into the air chamber in a quantity mode. The cultivation box is used for evaluating the effluence of geological storage CO2 leakage on agriculture under the background of greenhouse gas emission reduction in an imitating mode, can achieve a good imitating effect, and has the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to control in leakage speed, and the like.