The utility model provides an anti-derail device of a mine car. The anti-derail device of the mine car comprises a base seat, a swing rod, an inner rotary rod and a first driving device, wherein a main shaft extending along the vertical direction and capable of revolving on the axis of the main shaft is arranged on the base seat, the swing rod is hollow and cylindrical and extends horizontally, a first end of the swing rod is fixedly connected with the main shaft, the inner rotary rod is columnar and is arranged in the swing rod in a penetrating mode, a drawing block piece used for drawing a hauling cable of the mine car is fixedly arranged at one end, extending out of a second end of the swing rod, of the inner rotary rod, and the first driving device is fixedly arranged at the first end of the swing rod and is used for positioning the inner rotary rod in the axial direction and driving the inner rotary rod to revolving on the axis of the inner rotary rod. The anti-derail device of the mine car can prevent the mine car from derailing caused by transverse component force in a switching track.