The utility model discloses a cable identification assembly. The cable identification assembly comprises an identification board arranged on a cable and a handheld reader for reading an identification identifier, wherein the identification identifier is arranged on the identification board. By the improvement of the structure, operators can identify the identification board directly without eyes; and the identification identifier is read by electronic equipment, and the requirement of the electronic equipment on the definition of the identification identifier on the identification board is low, so that the readability of the cable identifier is improved to the maximum degree, and the problem that after the cable attribute identification board is immersed in sewage, the operators cannot read easily is solved. The utility model also provides an underground cable centralized control system. The underground cable centralized control system comprises the cable identification assembly and central control equipment, wherein the handheld reader of the cable identification assembly is provided with a sending module for sending information on the identification board; the central control equipment is provided with a receiving module which is in signal connection with the sending module; and the handheld reader can send the cable attribute information to the receiving module of the central control equipment and record the cable attribute information by the central control equipment.