The utility model discloses chess, and particularly discloses a Chinese children chess. The Chinese children chess comprises a chess box, a chess board and chess pieces. The Chinese children chess is characterized in that: the chess board is movable and rotatable and is composed of a disc surface and a disc surface, wherein the disc bottom is provided with a hollow hole; furthermore the annular phrases and symbols on the disc bottom display different contents through different rotation angles of the hollow hole of the disc surface for commanding walking routes of the two sides; the chess pieces can be formed through inserting sheet-shaped chess pieces into chess bases or stereo chess pieces and further are provided with idiom characters which are connected in a head-to-tail manner on the surface. In all idiom words, the last character of a former idiom word and the first character of a later idiom word are same or have same pronunciation. The Chinese children chess has the following advantages: simple chess playing role; multiple and unique playing ways; no restriction by number of players, number of chess pieces and chess board size; ingenious combination of chess playing, game playing and studying; capability of exercising eyes, ears, hands, brain and mouth through a plurality of kinds of movements of an individual person or a team; and combination of a plurality of subjects such as Chinese language, mathematics, ceremony and general knowledge. Therefore, the Chinese children chess is an intelligence development novel chess which has the following functions: developing enlightenment, improving knowledge, teaching in toy, exercising brain and body.