The utility model discloses a connecting structure of a belt machine and a dustproof cover. The connecting structure comprises a plurality of connecting bases arranged at intervals, wherein each connecting base is fixedly connected with the side wall of a belt machine base, the top of each connecting base is fixedly connected with supporting iron arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the supporting iron is fixedly connected with a supporting circular pipe arranged along the horizontal direction, U-shaped connecting plates with downward openings are clamped on the supporting circular pipe at intervals, the top of each U-shaped connecting plate is welded with a clamping element provided with a bolt hole, the dustproof cover of the belt machine is fixedly connected with the clamping elements through connecting elements inserted in the bolt holes, and the opening ends of the U-shaped connecting plates are fixedly connected through rotary fixing pins provided with springs, and the U-shaped connecting plates abut against the outer wall of the supporting circular pipe through a jackscrew arranged on side walls of the U-shaped connecting plates. The connecting structure is convenient to overhaul and beneficial for wind prevention and typhoon resistance.