The utility model discloses a single-phase fault recording device used for an overhead line. The single-phase fault recording device used for the overhead line includes a collecting module, a signal converting module, a control chip, a CPU, a radio frequency communication chip and a power source module used for providing working power source. The collecting module is connected with the control chip through the signal converting module. The control chip is connected with the CPU and the radio frequency communication chip respectively. The power source module provides power for modules and the chip of the single-phase fault recording device used for the overhead line. The collecting module collects high voltage signals of the overhead line and converts the signals to small signals through the signal converting circuit. The small signals are transmitted to the CPU through the control chip for collection, recording and fault analysis. Fault signals are sent by the CPU and are transmitted to the radio frequency communication chip through the control of the control chip and fault information is reported to a main station through the radio frequency communication chip. The single-phase fault recording device used for the overhead line provided by the utility model can be used for the collection, the recording and fault analysis of the high-voltage signals of the overhead line automatically and can report the fault information to the main station automatically.