Provided is a novel Rogowski coil for measuring power transmission line fault traveling wave current. The novel Rogowski coil comprises a skeleton, a winding coil, a coaxial cable, an insulation sleeve pipe, an internal shielding layer, a shielding shell, an integration resistor and a conditioning circuit of the Rogowski coil. The skeleton is an open type arc-shaped insulation skeleton with a return wire groove arranged inside the inner wall of the skeleton. A coil is wound on the skeleton in equal intervals. The top end and the tail end of the winding coil are welded on the coaxial cable. The skeleton and the winding coil are threaded into the insulation sleeve pipe. The external side of the insulation sleeve pipe is wrapped with a copper foil layer or an aluminum foil layer which acts as the internal shielding layer of the Rogowski coil, and then the obtained whole is put into the shielding shell. The output end of the coaxial cable is connected with two ends of the integration resistor, and then the integration resistor is connected with the conditioning circuit. The Rogowski coil is simple in structure and convenient in installation, and has characteristics of being wide in signal measuring range, better in linearity and high in anti-interference capacity.