The utility model relates to a novel alternating-current and direct-current high-voltage electroscope. The electroscope is characterized in that the electroscope comprises a change-over switch, a detection probe, an insulation handle, a telescopic insulating rod and an acousto-optic display unit; the detection probe is located on a top of the whole electroscope and a lower portion is connected with the acousto-optic display unit; a lower end of the acousto-optic display unit is the telescopic insulating rod; a lower end of the telescopic insulating rod is the insulation handle; the change-over switch is located on the insulation handle and is connected with a switching circuit through an internal connecting line; the acousto-optic display unit is controlled by an integrated circuit board; the integrated circuit board is arranged in a box body of an upper portion of the telescopic insulating rod. By using the novel alternating-current and direct-current high-voltage electroscope of the utility model, during electricity testing, the change-over switch on an end portion of the handle is used to switch in real time and detect whether alternating-current and direct-current lines are electrified so that a trouble of taking two kinds of electroscopes simultaneously is omitted. The electroscope is convenient and rapid.