The utility model discloses a coupling locating device of a multi-station special machine tool. The coupling locating device comprises a workbench panel, cutter head guiding rails and workpiece tray guiding rails are arranged on the workbench panel, a cutter head moving frame is arranged on the cutter head guiding rails, a cutter head is installed on the cutter head moving frame, a cutter is installed on the cutter head, a workpiece tray is arranged on the workpiece tray guiding rails, a workpiece and a clamp assembly for clamping the workpiece are installed on the workpiece tray, the cutter head moving frame and the workpiece tray are respectively provided with locating holes, a parent plate is arranged below the workbench panel, accurate counterpoint holes matched with the locating holes are formed in the parent plate, leading rods can movably penetrate through the accurate counterpoint holes in the parent plate and the workbench panel under the driving of an external driving device to respectively enter the locating holes of the cutter head moving frame and the workpiece tray, and accurate locating of the cutter head and the workpiece is achieved. According to the coupling locating device, the workpiece at each station of the multi-station special machine tool and the corresponding cutter are directly located, and the relative position relation between the workpiece and the corresponding cutter is accurately guaranteed.