The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machines and particularly relates to a miss-seeding detection device based on a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device). The miss-seeding detection device comprises a signal centralized-control module and multiple seeding detection modules, wherein the signal centralized-control module comprises a serial communication interface circuit, a programmable logic unit CPLD control module and a signal acquisition interface circuit; the signal centralized-control module and an upper computer realize two-way signal transferring; the multiple seeding detection modules send acquired seeding information to the programmable logic unit CPLD control module for processing by virtue of the signal acquisition interface circuit. The miss-seeding detection device has the advantage that the functions of accurate miss-seeding detection, fast miss-seeding information processing and miss-seeding alarming are realized in the seeding operation process of a seeding machine.