The utility model relates to high-efficiency enrichment and separation equipment for ultralow-concentration gas. The high-efficiency enrichment and separation equipment comprises an air compressor, a mass flowmeter, an electromagnetic valve, an infrared ray gas analyzer, a vacuum pump and an on-line acquisition system. The high-efficiency enrichment and separation equipment for ultralow-concentration gas has the advantages that a double-tower adsorption desorption system is adopted, one tower is used for adsorption while the other tower is used for desorption; adsorption is carried out at room temperature and under normal pressure, analysis is performed under a vacuum condition, the reaction conditions can be met easily, and the possibility of industrial mass production can be realized; the high-efficiency enrichment and separation equipment can separate and purify the lower than 0.5% of ultralow-concentration gas and effectively solves the difficult problem that lower than 1% of mine gas cannot be utilized; three adsorption pipelines connected serially with one another are arranged in the adsorption tower, so that the gas penetration time is increased and the adsorption efficiency of adsorbents is improved; a buffer area is arranged in the adsorption tower and an adsorption-desorption tower is connected by a pipeline, so that the energy consumption of the vacuum pump is reduced during switching and the economic efficiency is improved; a multi-level concentration rising device is adopted to meet different working conditions, low-concentration methane in the product gas can be recycled and methane emission can be further reduced.