The utility model provides a Y-direction assembly of a numerically controlled carving machine. The Y-direction assembly travels flexibly in the Y direction and is easy to control; the carving precision can be effectively improved; and the service life of the Y-direction assembly can be effectively prolonged. The Y-direction assembly comprises a left guide track, a right guide track, a left Y-direction rack and a right Y-direction rack, wherein the left guide track and the right guide track are arranged on two sides of a machine body; the machine body is movably connected with a left upright column and a right upright column through the left guide track and the right guide track; the left Y-direction rack and the right Y-direction rack are arranged on the machine body; the left upright column and the right upright column are respectively provided with a left Y-direction driving motor and a right Y-direction driving motor; a spindle of the left Y-direction driving motor and a spindle of the right Y-direction driving motor are respectively provided with a left Y-direction driving motor spindle gear and a right Y-direction driving motor spindle gear; the left upright column is provided with a left Y-direction gear wheel and a left Y-direction pinion; the right upright column is provided with a right Y-direction gear wheel and a right Y-direction pinion; the left Y-direction gear wheel and the right Y-direction gear wheel are respectively connected with the left Y-direction pinion and the right Y-direction pinion through transmission shafts; the left Y-direction driving motor spindle gear and the right Y-direction driving motor spindle gear are respectively meshed with the left Y-direction gear wheel and the right Y-direction gear wheel; and the left Y-direction pinion and the right Y-direction pinion are respectively meshed with the left Y-direction rack and the right Y-direction rack.