A novel head sheave with replaceable wear-resistant rope grooves comprises a head sheave main body (1), wear-resistant rope grooves (2), baffle plates (3), head sheave inner grooves (4) and groove baffle plate openings (5). The wear-resistant rope grooves (2) are made of high-strength wear-resistant materials. The N wear-resistant rope grooves (2) are placed in the head sheave inner grooves (4). The interchangeable N equally-divided wear-resistant rope grooves (2) match the head sheave inner grooves (4). If the wear-resistant rope grooves (2) in the head sheave inner grooves wear, a worker only needs to replace N new wear-resistant rope grooves directly on the head sheave without replacing the head sheave or dismounting a bearer. Therefore, the production and maintenance time is not wasted too much, the service life of the head sheave and steel ropes is prolonged, the head sheave or the steel ropes are prevented from being replaced frequently, equipment cost that may be increased due to frequent replacement is saved, and direct and indirect losses because of production shutdown are reduced.