The utility model discloses a novel fishway structure and relates to fish passing facilities which are used for solving the problem of the upstream running of migratory fishes through river blocking buildings. The novel fishway structure comprises a fishway side wall, a retraction section and pool chambers; the retraction section comprises a long retraction section and a short retraction section which are oppositely arranged; fish passing vertical seams are formed between the long retraction section and the short retraction section; every two adjacent pool chambers are communicated with each other through the corresponding fish passing vertical seam; the middle of every pool chamber is provided with a first group of water blocking pier columns; the lower middle section of every pool chamber is provided with a second group of water blocking pier columns; a third group of water blocking pier columns are arranged in every fish passing vertical seam. According to the novel fishway structure, the plane and space three-dimensional partition is performed on the water flow velocity and accordingly multiple different habits of fish passing objects can pass the same fish passing facility and the advantages are obvious in the aspect of the state of the water in compassion with the traditional vertical seam type fishway and meanwhile the functions of a side channel are achieved, the project occupied area is small, and accordingly the advantages are obvious from the perspective of project investment.