The utility model discloses a winding device suitable for cables with different diameters and provided with cable wheels convenient to replace. The winding device comprises a rack and the cable wheels. The cable wheels are connected with a drive motor. An adjusting device is arranged on the rack and comprises a first sliding rod, a first sliding sleeve, a second sliding rod, a second sliding sleeve, a tension wheel carrier, a tension wheel, a telescopic part, a reversing shaft, a bevel gear pair and a drive rod. The telescopic part comprises two sleeves with different diameters and a spring. Bearing seats are arranged on the rack. The bevel gear pair comprises two meshed bevel gears. The cable wheels comprise cable wheel bodies and cable wheel shafts, and at least one end of each cable wheel shaft is connected with a cable wheel loading and unloading part, wherein the cable wheel loading and unloading part comprises a loading and unloading spring, a first sleeve and a second sleeve. The winding device has the structural advantages of being simple in structure, light in weight, convenient to manufacture and carry, and capable of guaranteeing cable tensioning, protecting the cables, facilitating cable arrangement quality of the cables on the cable wheels and making the cable wheels conveniently detached and further has the advantages of being high in winding speed and low in winding cost.