The utility model relates to an air-sucking type seed sucking device capable of adjusting the seed taking quantity. The device comprises a transmission shaft and a roller body which is mounted on the transmission shaft, wherein the transmission shaft is connected with a machine frame through a supporting sleeve, and a plurality of cavitation members which are evenly distributed are mounted on the roller body; the transmission shaft in the roller body is sleeved by a bearing, the bearing is sleeved by a seed chamber, and the seed chamber is connected with a seed box; a sealed cylindrical air chamber is arranged in the seed chamber, the air chamber is mounted on a hollow supporting shaft in a sleeving manner, and the supporting shaft is connected with an air tube; hollow seed taking rods of which one ends are sealed are evenly distributed on the air chamber, the seed taking rods are communicated with the air chamber, and seed sucking holes are formed in one ends, far from the air chamber, of the seed taking rods; an arc-shaped blocking slice extends from an inner wall of the air chamber, an infundibuliform seed guiding device is arranged on one side of the blocking slice of the seed chamber, seed catching boxes which are evenly distributed are arranged on an inner wall of the roller body, and the seed catching boxes are communicated with the cavitation members. The seeds are adsorbed in the seed sucking device through the negative pressure of the air chamber, then the negative pressure disappears, the seeds drop to the seed catching boxes, and the seeds are sowed through the cavitation members, so that the seeds are not damaged.