The utility model relates to a transformer temperature monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, and the system comprises a transformer body and related accessories thereof, a temperature data measurement module, a measurement communication module, a control module, and a control communication module. The system is characterized in that the temperature data measurement module is disposed in the transformer body; the output end of the temperature data measurement module is corresponding to the measurement communication module; the temperature data measurement module comprises a temperature measurement sensor which is used for measuring the temperature of a preset part of the transformer; the measurement communication module transmits temperature data, measured by the temperature data measurement module, to the Internet of Things in a mode of wireless communication; the output end of the control module is corresponding to the control communication module; the output end of the control communication module is corresponding to a cooler control system of the transformer; and the control module transmits a control instruction of a transformer cooler through the control communication module. Through the integration of a conventional temperature measurement system of the transformer with the Internet of Things, the system achieves the real-time monitoring of the transformer temperature, achieves timely feedback, and guarantees the safety operation of the transformer.