The utility model relates to the power transmission meteorological monitoring field, and concretely discloses a power transmission line pole and tower meteorological monitoring system based on the Beidou satellite system. A meteorological collector sends collected meteorological information such as wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and air pressure to a protocol conversion unit through a series port, the protocol conversion unit sends the converted meteorological information to a Beidou integrated user machine through a series port, the Beidou integrated user machine sends the meteorological information to a Beidou command-type user machine through the Beidou satellite, the Beidou command-type user machine is connected with a protocol conversion unit through a series port, and the protocol conversion unit sends the converted meteorological information to an upper computer. According to the monitoring system, under the condition of not damaging the conventional pole and town system, the Beidou satellite communication is adopted, only meteorological data collection devices and Beidou communication terminals are needed to be added, the system is small in size and convenient to install and maintain, the concurrent communication capacity of multiple users of the Beidou satellite communication is strong, at most 500 thousand user terminal communication requests can be simultaneously processed, and thus the system is very applicable to pole and tower meteorological real-time monitoring.