The utility model discloses a power distribution box temperature detection system, which comprises a box body, an infrared thermometer, a fixing bracket, a controller, a LAN switch and a background server, wherein the fixing bracket is arranged inside the box body for installing the infrared thermometer; the infrared thermometer is connected with the controller; and the controller is connected with the background server through the LAN switch. According to the power distribution box temperature detection system, the infrared thermometer is arranged on the fixing bracket, and a photoelectric detector of the infrared thermometer is arranged on an annular part of the fixing bracket, thereby being conductive to acquiring temperature signals in a power distribution box accurately; the temperature signals are input to a display outside the box body, the temperature condition inside the high-voltage power distribution cabinet can be observed very directly; or the temperature signals are sent to the background server for storage and analysis; the entire temperature detection system is accurate and stable in operation, is convenient for the staff to identify directly; and the power distribution box temperature detection system alarms through an alarm module when the temperature is too high.