The utility model relates to a self-monitoring tapered roller bearing, and belongs to the technical field of bearings. According to the tapered roller bearing, a shell is fixed on an outer ring; an end cover is mounted at the end part of the shell; a shell cavity is divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity by a partition on the shell; a circuit board and a sensor are mounted at the bottom of the outer cavity; one end of an energy converter, which is constituted by piezoelectric plates and mental sheets, is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cavity of the shell, and the other end of the energy converter is riveted with a sliding block; an oscillating magnet is mounted at the other end of the sliding block; a turnplate flange is mounted on an inner ring; a rotating shaft of a turnplate is sleeved by a central hole of the shell; a rotating magnet is embedded on the rotating shaft; the rotating magnet is mounted near the opposite magnetic pole of the oscillating magnet. The tapered roller bearing has the advantages and characteristics that the tapered roller bearing has the self-power sensing and monitoring function, has no need to change the structure of mounting equipment, and can truly realize real-time on-line monitoring; the energy converter can stimulate power generation by radial stretching, the axial space is small, and the magnets are away from a rolling element and a radiating circuit; the piezoelectric plates are always subjected to pressure stress which is distributed uniformly, and the tapered roller bearing is high in mechanical reliability and high in power generation capacity.