The utility model discloses a surface structure and component image detection system of electric energy meter sample, a serial communication port, include computer and the image acquisition card who connects rather than the electricity, the DA transition card, the IO input/output card, fanout and monitor, execution unit and alarm unit link to each other, the image acquisition card input links to each other with linear array CCD camera, DA transition card output links to each other with the light source, the IO input/output card is connected with the PLC controller, linear array CCD camera input links to each other with target detection, the light source output links to each other with target detection, the PLC controller is connected with the servo motor control ware, servo motor control ware output links to each other with target detection. The utility model relates to a novelty, the cost is lower, and it is convenient to detect, and the accuracy is high, and detection efficiency is high, and detection effect is good, has effectively solved the not enough of prior art.