The utility model relates to a soil and water improvement structure of saline and alkaline land, cross section including being used for keeping apart not soil improving and soil improving is square stone cage net, the intussuseption of stone cage net is filled with rubble and medical stone, stone cage net bottom surface is fixed with a bottom plate, stone cage net and bottom formation are used for storing soil improving's the case that holds, hold the incasement bottom and laid rubble filter material layer, rubble filter material layer upper berth is equipped with the soda saline -alkali soil layer, evenly pile up the saline and alkaline rib that has a plurality of of longitudinal distribution interval to set up on the soda saline -alkali soil layer, a bottom plate middle part recessed formation catchment groove, catchment groove both ends communicate respectively to have stretches out the outlet pipe that holds the case outside, be equipped with the control valve on the outlet pipe. The utility model discloses prevent effectively that the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali phenomenon from taking place, row's salt is efficient.