The utility model provides a boats and ships detection device that changes oil, including aerial detecting element, ground control receiving element, aerial detecting element includes low latitude pursuit testing platform, a wireless communication module, data processing storage module, the detection modul, trail shooting device, a position senso, height sensor, the problem of can't detect boats and ships under the non - condition of going on board with whether using low -sulfur oil is solved, the realization is to boats and ships in the detection of operation with the state of stop, can distinguish environmental atmosphere and boats and ships discharges, backward judge marine fuel sulfur content according to surveing concentration, built -in determination condition and algorithm, with thehelp of unmanned aerial vehicle and pollutant monitoring module, the realization is to the examination of maximum discharge boats and ships, reduce supervisor's work load, the improvement is to the rate of discerning of maximum discharge suspicion boats and ships, provide the result fast, it takes action to be convenient for on -the -spot law enfrocement official.